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Operators

Operator is a symbol that is used to perform mathematical operations.

Operator Name
Operators

Assignment

=

Arithmetic

+,-,*,/,%

Logical

&&, ||, !

Relational

<, >, <=, >=, ==, !=

Shorthand

+=, -=, *=, /=, %=

Unary

++, --

Conditional

() ? : ;

Bitwise

&, |, ^, <<, >>, ~

Examples:


Arithmetic Operators

    

main(){ int a=21; int b=10; int c; c = a+b; // c is 31 c = a-b; // c is 11 c = a*b; // c is 210 c = a/b; // c is 2 c = a%b; // c is 1 c = a++; // c is 21 c = a--; // c is 22 }

Bitwise Operators:

Bitwise operator works on bits and perform bit by bit operation.

Assume if A = 60; and B = 13; Now in binary format they will be as follows:

    

A = 0011 1100 B = 0000 1101 Then A & B = 0000 1100 //and A|B = 0011 1101 //or A^B = 0011 0001 //xor ~A = 1100 0011 //complement

Example:

  

main(){ unsigned int a = 60; /* 60 = 0011 1100 */ unsigned int b = 13; /* 13 = 0000 1101 */ int c = 0; c = a & b; /* 12 = 0000 1100 */ c = a | b; /* 61 = 0011 1101 */ c = a ^ b; /* 49 = 0011 0001 */ c = ~a; /* -61 = 1100 0011 */ c = a << 2; /* 240 = 1111 0000 */ c = a >> 2; /* 15 = 0000 1111 */ }

Conditional Operators:

Syntax: condition ? expression1 : expression2;

Example:

  

main(){ int a,b; a = 10; b = ( a == 1) ? 20 : 30; printf("Value of b is %d/n", b); b = ( a == 10) ? 20 : 30; printf("Value of b is %d/n", b); }

Value pf b is 30

Value of b is 20

Precedence of C Operators:

Operator precedence determines the grouping of terms in an expression. This affects how an expression is evaluated. Certain operators have higher precedence than others; for example, the multiplication operator has higher precedence than the addition operator:

For example x = 7 + 3 * 2; Here x is signed 13, not 20 because opeator * has higher precedence than '+'' so it first get multiplied with 3 * 2 and then adds into 7.

here operator with the highest precedence appear at the top of the table, those with the lowest appear at the bottom. within an expression, higher precedence operators will be evaluated first.

Category

Operator

Associativity

Postfix

() [] -> . ++ --

Left to Right

Unary

+ - ! ~ ++ -- (type) * & sizeof

Right to Left

Multiplicative

* / %

Left to Right

Additive

+ -

Left to Right

Shift

<< >>

Left to Right

Relational

< <= > >=

Left to Right

Equality

== !=

Left to Right

Bitwise AND

&

Left to Right

Bitwise XOR

^

Left to Right

Bitwise OR

|

Left to Right

Logical AND

&&

Left to Right

Logical OR

||

Left to Right

Conditional

?:

Right to Left

Assignment

= += -= *= /= %= >>= <<= &= ^= |=

Right to Left

Comma

,

Left to Right

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